Tooth Extraction

Why a Tooth Needs To Be Removed

There are many reasons why a tooth may need to be removed. Here are some of the most common:

Tooth Decay

Bacteria accumulating on your teeth can cause decay or lead to periodontal disease (gum disease). If the decay (cavity) is not treated early, it will worsen and require extraction. A decayed tooth can lead to an infection that spreads to tissues in your mouth and, in extreme cases, your bloodstream. 

Infection (Abscess)

An infection in your tooth can cause a pocket of pus called an abscess. An abscess is usually the result of bacteria that has entered the root of the tooth and now is starting to spread into the adjacent bone leading to inflammation and pain. Extraction of an infected tooth is necessary to prevent further damage and the spread of infection throughout the mouth or body.

Trauma

Trauma from an accident or injury can cause the tooth to be cracked or chipped. The fracture may reach down into the root and damage the surrounding bone, making it impossible for the tooth to heal. In this case, extraction is necessary to prevent further damage.

Overcrowding

When undergoing orthodontic treatment, overcrowding can be an issue. Removing some of the teeth can create more space and make it easier to move the teeth into alignment.

The Benefits of Tooth Removal

Removing a damaged or decayed tooth can help restore your mouth’s health. It also helps to reduce pain and discomfort and makes it easier to participate in daily activities such as eating, talking, and smiling. A simple extraction can improve facial aesthetics by removing space-occupying teeth that cause misalignment or overcrowding.

Before Extraction

You will have a consultation with your dentist or oral surgeon before having your tooth extracted. Inform your surgeon about any medications or supplements you are taking and any pre-existing conditions. Your surgeon may suggest certain measures to help minimize pain during and after the extraction. It’s important to be informed, so at your consultation, ask as many questions as you need to feel prepared. 

The Procedure

When the time comes for your extraction, your dentist or oral surgeon will begin by numbing the area with a local anesthetic. Other forms of sedation may be used depending on the complexity of the procedure.

Once you are comfortable, the surgeon will use special dental instruments (elevators and dental forceps) to loosen and remove the tooth from its socket. After removing the tooth, the area will be cleaned, and a few sutures may be applied. 

If the tooth is impacted or unable to erupt, a small incision may be made in the gum tissue to access it. Sometimes, the dentist may need to remove the tooth in sections. 

After Extraction

Following a tooth extraction, good oral hygiene is essential to prevent infection. The following measures can help speed up the healing process:

• Bite on a sterile gauze pad for up to 30 minutes to stop the bleeding. It is also best to slightly moisten the gauze before placement, otherwise the blood clot will adhere to the gauze when you pull it out. 
• If excessive bleeding (blood has saturated the entire gauze pad within a matter of seconds) persists after several hours, moisten a tea bag and bite on the tea bag for 30-45 mins. If excessive bleeding continues, call the office immediately.
• Avoid hard, crunchy, and spicy foods that could irritate the extraction site. Eat soft foods like yogurt, soups, smoothies, and mashed potatoes.
• DO NOT smoke for a week before or a week after the extraction.
• Gently rinse your mouth with warm salt water to reduce swelling and help keep the area clean.
• Pain and discomfort are normal following an extraction. Your surgeon might suggest an over-the-counter pain medicine or even give you a prescription.
• Apply an ice pack to the outside of the face to reduce swelling. Apply the cold compress or ice pack for 15 minutes and then remove it for 15 minutes.
• Avoid strenuous activity for at least 24 hours after the procedure.
• Do not drink through a straw, as this can cause a dry socket. A dry socket is an infection that can occur if the blood clot from the extraction site becomes dislodged.

Most people start to feel better a couple of days after the procedure; (the 3rd day post-operatively being the worst) however, if there is severe pain, lasting bleeding, or fever, contact your surgeon right away. 

Risks of Tooth Extraction

Tooth extractions are generally safe and effective procedures. However, there are some risks and potential complications to consider. These include:

• Pain and discomfort
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Damage to surrounding teeth or tissues
• Dry socket – when the blood clot from the extraction site becomes dislodged.

Following your surgeon’s instructions and maintaining good oral hygiene can minimize the risks associated with a tooth extraction.

Frequently Asked Questions